Canadian retail sales of Class 8 trucks and trailers will both be up about 9% this year. The value of Canada's heavy-duty aftermarket—including Classes 6–8 trucks, trailers, and container chassis—will come in at about US$5.58 billion in 2022. "A recession is likely, but the timing, depth, and duration are all matters of speculation," said Bob Dieli, economist with MacKay & Company. "TEA never misses a recession," he said. The U.S. and Europe may face only a mild recession, assuming inflation can be brought under control.